First data on Bivalvulida myxosporeans of Nha Trang Bay mullets (Vietnam)
##plugins.themes.ibsscustom.article.main##
Google Scholar
##plugins.themes.ibsscustom.article.details##
Abstract
Mullets are objects of fishery in Vietnam; some of them are raised in rice paddies. Intensive development of fish mariculture in this country, as well as a large proportion of hydrobionts in the population diet, requires knowledge not only of the species composition of parasites, but also of their life cycles, pathogenicity, medical and epizootiological significance. The fauna of marine myxosporeans in this area has been studied very poorly. Totally 36 species of Myxosporea in freshwater fishes of Vietnam are known and 10 are not identified; 7 species of myxosporeans are found in marine fishes and 9 are not identified. In March – April of 2018 in the Nha Trang Bay (Vietnam, South China Sea, which the Vietnamese call the East Sea) 71 specimens of 7 species of Mugilidae fish were examined for identifying myxosporeans by the method of incomplete parasitological autopsy (4 specimens Chelon planiceps, 25 specimens Valamugil speigleri, 10 specimens V. formosae, 1 specimen Planiliza subviridis, 19 specimens Paramugil parmatus, 9 specimens Mugil cephalus, 3 specimens Moolgarda seheli). All organs were examined under Olympus SZ61 binocular microscope at magnification from ×15 to ×25. Smears from the tissues of various fish organs were examined under Olympus CKX53 microscope with phase contrast at magnification ×400 and under Olympus CX41 microscope with the Olympus SC50 digital camera and phase contrast at magnification ×800. Myxosporeans were fixed in glycerol-gelatin according to the standard technique. Parasite measurements were based on 20 Myxobolus spinacurvatura spores, 25 Sphaerospora dicentrarchi spores, and 10 Henneguya sp. spores. All measurements were carried out by the standard method. To assess the number of parasites, data on prevalence and intensity of invasion were used. The first data on Bivalvulida myxosporeans of Mugilidae fish in Nha Trang Bay were obtained: Myxobolus spinacurvatura was found in the gallbladder and intestine of 78 % Mugil cephalus with the intensity of invasion of unit spores in the gallbladder smear and 5–11 cysts in the intestine; Sphaerospora dicentrarchi was found in the gallbladder of 5 % Paramugil parmatus, 12 % Valamugil speigleri, 20 % V. formosae and 56 % Mugil cephalus with the intensity of invasion of unit spores in the smear; Henneguya sp. was found in the gallbladder of 8 % V. speigleri and 10 % V. formosae with the intensity of invasion of unit, tens of spores in the smear. Description of the revealed species was made. Their distribution in other regions of the World Ocean was considered. S. dicentrarchi turned out to be a new species for the fauna of the East Sea and Vietnam. This species was found not only in Mugil cephalus, the typical host in other regions, but also in new hosts Paramugil parmatus, Valamugil speigleri, and V. formosae. Myxobolus spinacurvatura was first found in the Nha Trang Bay. Since Myxobolus spinacurvatura and Sphaerospora dicentrarchi are known in Mugil cephalus not only in the Pacific Ocean basin but also in the Atlantic Ocean one, taking into account the connection of these water bodies in ancient times, it is assumed that each of these parasites had a common large distribution area in the past, which was then broken due to powerful geological transformations of our planet.
Authors
References
Асеева Н. Л., Чин Н. Н. Миксоспоридии – паразиты кефалей из западной части Тихого океана // Современная паразитология – основные тренды и вызовы : материалы VI Съезда паразитологического общества, Междунар. конф., 15–19 октября 2018 г. / Зоологический институт РАН ; ред.: К. В. Галактионов, С. Г. Медведев, А. Ю. Рысс, Ф. О. Фролов. Санкт-Петербург : Изд-во «Лема», 2018. С. 20. [Aseeva N. L., Chinh N. N. Myxosporea parasites of mullets from the West Pacific. In: Sovremennaya parazitologiya – osnovnye trendy i vyzovy : materialy VI S"ezda parazitologicheskogo obshchestva, Mezhdunar. konf., 15–19 Oct., 2018 / Zoologicheskii institut RAN ; K. V. Galaktionov, S. G. Medvedev, A. Yu. Ryss, F. O. Frolov (Eds). Sankt-Petersburg : Izd-vo “Lema”, 2018, pp. 20. (in Russ.)]
Быховская-Павловская И. Е. Паразиты рыб: руководство по изучению. Методы зоологических исследований – практике. Ленинград : Наука, Ленингр. отд-ние, 1985. 123 с. [Bykhovskaya-Pavlovskaya I. E. Parazity ryb: rukovodstvo po izucheniyu. Metody zoologicheskikh issledovanii – praktike. Leningrad : Nauka, Leningr. otd-nie, 1985, 123 p. (in Russ.)]
Донец З. С., Шульман С. С. О методах исследования Myxosporidia (Protozoa, Cnidosporidia) // Паразитология. 1973. Т. 7, вып. 2. С. 191–193. [Donets Z. S., Shul’man S. S. O metodakh issledovaniya Myxosporidia (Protozoa, Cnidosporidia). Parazitologiya, 1973, vol. 7, iss. 2, pp. 191–193. (in Russ.)]
Жизнь животных : в 7 т. / гл. ред. В. Е. Соколов. Москва : Просвещение, 1987. Т. 1. Простейшие. Пластинчатые. Губки. Кишечнополостные. Гребневики. Плоские черви. Немертины. Круглые черви. Кольчатые черви. Щупальцевые / под ред. Ю. И. Полянского ; 2-е изд. 448 с. [Zhizn’ zhivotnykh : in 7 vols / V. E. Sokolov (Ed.). Moscow : Prosveshchenie, 1987, vol. 1. Prosteishie. Plastinchatye. Gubki. Kishechnopolostnye. Grebneviki. Ploskie chervi. Nemertiny. Kruglye chervi. Kol’chatye chervi. Shchupal’tsevye / Yu. I. Polyanskii (Ed.) ; 2nd edition, 448 p. (in Russ.)]
Юрахно В. М., Мальцев В. Н. Новые сведения о миксоспоридиях кефалевых рыб в бассейне Атлантического океана // Экология моря. 2002. Вып. 61. С. 39–42. [Yurakhno V. M., Mal’tsev V. N. New data on myxosporeans of mullets in the Atlantic Ocean basin. Ekologiya morya, 2002, iss. 61, pp. 39–42. (in Russ.)]
Arthur J. R., Te B. Q. Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Viet Nam. Rome : FAO, 2006, 133 p. (FAO fisheries technical paper ; 369/2).
Bush A. O., Lafferty K. D., Lotz J. M., Shostak A. W. Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms: Margolis et al. Revisited. Journal of Parasitology, 1997, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 575−583. http://doi.org/10.2307/3284227
Eiras J. C. Synopsis of the species of the genus Henneguya Thélohan, 1892 (Myxozoa: Myxosporea: Myxobolidae). Systematic Parasitology, 2002, vol. 52, pp. 43–54. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015016312195
Faye N., Kpatcha K., Fall M., Toguebaye B. S. Heart infections due to myxosporean (Myxozoa) parasites in marine and estuarine fishes from Senegal. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 1997, vol. 17, no. 3/4, pp. 115–117.
Ha K., Bui Q. T. [Parasites on fresh water fish in Vietnam] / Thu Huong, Van Su (Eds). Hanoi : Science and Technics Publishing House, 2007, 360 p. (in Vietnamese.)
Lom J., Dyková I. Protozoan parasites of fishes. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1992, 316 p. (Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science ; vol. 26).
Lom J., Dyková I. Studies on protozoan parasites of Australian fishes: III. Species of the genus Myxobolus Bütschli, 1882. European Journal of Protistology, 1994, vol. 30, iss. 4, pp. 431–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(11)80218-X
Kpatcha T. K., Faye N., Diebekate C., Fall M., Toguebaye B. S. Nouvelles espèces d’Henneguya Thélohan, 1895 (Myxozoa, Myxosporea) parasites des poissons marins du Sénégal: Étude en microscopie photonique et électronique. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, 13e Série, 1997, vol. 18, pp. 81–91.
Nguyen N. Ch., Nguyen V. D., Nguyen V. H., Ha D. N., Dang X. N. [A Protozoa species, Kudoa monodactyli Gunter, 2006 (Multivalvulida: Kudoidae), in the muscle of some coastal marine fishes in Quang Binh province]. In: Proceeding of the 42nd Vietnam National Conference of Parasitology, báo cáo khoa học toàn văn (Cua Lo, Nghe An, 2–3 April, 2015). Publishing house for science and technology, 2015, pp. 273–280. (in Vietnamese.)
Nguyen N. Ch., Ha D. N., Nguyen H. D., Nguyen T. L., Pham N. D. [Morphological and molecular characteristics of Kudoa scomberomori (Myxosporea: Kudoidae) firstly found from the Indo-Pacific king mackerel Scomberomorus guttatus (Scombridae) in Quang Binh province, Vietnam]. Tạp chí Sinh Học, 2018, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 1–6. (in Vietnamese.)
Quaglio F., Delgado M. L., Caffara M., Florio D., Marcer F., Fioravanti M. L., Restani R. Histopathological observations in marine farmed fish infected by Myxosporidia. II. Osservazioni istopatologiche in pesci marini d’allevamento affetti da mixosporidiosi. Bollettino Società Italiana di Patologia Ittica, 2002, vol. 14, no. 34, pp. 44–67.
Sitja-Bobadilla A., Alvarez-Pellitero P. Light and electron microscopic description of Sphaerospora dicentrarchi n. sp. (Myxosporea: Sphaerosporidae) from wild and cultured sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L. The Journal of Protozoology, 1992, vol. 39, iss. 2, pp. 273–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1992.tb01314.x
Tomochi H., Li Y.-Ch., Tran B. T., Yanagida T., Sato H. Three Unicapsula species (Myxosporea: Trilosporidae) of Asian marine fishes, including the description of Unicapsula setoensis n. sp. in the yellowfin goby (Acanthogobius flavimanus) from the Inland Sea of Japan. Parasitology Research, 2014, vol. 113, iss. 10, pp. 3807–3816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-014-4048-9
Vo T. D., Bristow G. A., Nguyen H. D., Vo T. D., Nguyen N. T. N. The Parasites of Grouper and Sea Bass in Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh : Agricultural Publishing House, 2012. 178 p.
Yurakhno V. M., Ovcharenko M. O. Study of Myxosporea (Myxozoa), infecting worldwide mullets with description of a new species. Parasitology Research, 2014, vol. 113, iss. 10, pp. 3661–3674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-014-4031-5
