Concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons and features of the normal alkane composition of common fish species from the buffer zone of the Can Gio Reserve and the tributary of the Mekong River (Ham Luong River) (South Vietnam)
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Abstract
The composition and content characteristics of n-alkanes in fish inhabiting tropical rivers of Southeast Asia were determined. The mean content of aliphatic hydrocarbons in fish from the Long Tau River was (10.46 ± 2.10) mg·100 g−1; from the Ca Gau River, (11.04 ± 4.28) mg·100 g−1; and from the Ham Luong River, (5.92 ± 3.1) mg·100 g−1. Comparison of samples taken in several study areas (Student’s t-test, p = 0.05) showed no statistically significant differences in concentrations of the substances studied. It was impossible to trace the effect of fish fat content on hydrocarbon accumulation. This is probably explained by the fact that the effect of the fat content in hydrobionts on the accumulation of aliphatic hydrocarbons begins to manifest itself only after a certain level (at low hydrocarbon concentrations, this dependence is not traced). The difference in the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons in fish can also be related to ecological characteristics: habitat, mode of feeding, etc. The fish species we analyzed included predatory and herbivorous, pelagic, benthic, and pelagic-benthic ones. The concentrations of lipids and aliphatic hydrocarbons in pelagic and bottom fish did not differ statistically significantly (Student’s t-test, p = 0.05, p = 0.052, and p = 0.15). Also, we revealed no differences in the concentrations of carbohydrates and lipids in fish in relation to their mode of feeding (Student’s t-test, p = 0.05, p = 0.28, and p = 0.28). We sampled fish in rivers flowing through the wooded areas. Waters of these rivers are enriched with compounds produced by terrestrial vegetation, and these compounds could be a source of high molecular weight n-alkanes that enter animal bodies. This fact is another confirmation of the effect of the hydrocarbon composition of the environment on the hydrocarbon composition of fish. It can be concluded that differences in n-alkane composition are independent of the geographical location of sampling sites and are not related to the ecological characteristics. Differences in aliphatic hydrocarbon content likely result from selectivity of food and the assimilation of various n-alkane fractions by species of fish.
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References
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