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Mishin T. V. Cetaceans of the Barents Sea: Fauna and population status at the beginning of the XXI century. Marine Biological Journal, 2021, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 52-68. https://doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2021.06.2.04

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Abstract

The Polar branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO) carries out annually comprehensive surveys in the Barents Sea. This allows obtaining relevant data on distribution and occurrence of marine mammals, in particular cetaceans – the key link in the World Ocean ecosystem. In recent years, marine mammals monitoring has become increasingly important due to climate change and temperature rise in seas and oceans, that can result in habitat displacement and even possible extinction of certain species. This article summarizes the results of the vessel surveys of cetaceans carried out by the Polar branch of VNIRO in the Barents Sea in 2010–2019, as well as provides retrospective data on baleen whales (Mysticeti) and toothed whales (Odontoceti). Based on vessel survey material and taking into account data from literature sources, the current composition of the Barents Sea cetacean fauna is presented; at the beginning of the XXI century, it may include up to 16 species of 7 families. The analysis of vessel survey data made it possible to determine the status of marine mammals of this water area and to identify the frequency of their occurrence. The article presents population abundance for most species of baleen and toothed whales and shows the most likely spots of cetacean occurrence. According to the data obtained, white-beaked dolphin Lagenorhynchus albirostris is the most abundant, frequently sighted, and a year-round species: it accounts for more than 80 % of the total number of surveyed animals and about 50 % of all sighted cetaceans. Beluga whale Delphinapterus leucas and harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena are also classified as permanent residents of the water area, and their localization is mainly confined to the Kola Peninsula coastal zone. May to October, the Barents Sea is regularly visited by species arriving from other Atlantic Ocean areas for feeding: minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata, fin whale Balaenoptera physalus, and humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae. Narwhal Monodon monoceros and northern bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus are rarely sighted in the Russian Arctic western area.

Authors

T. V. Mishin

specialist

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9381-5783

https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?id=1029130

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Funding

The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal Agency for Fishery on the topics “Implementation of state monitoring of aquatic biological resources in inland waters, in the territorial sea of the Russian Federation, on the continental shelf of the Russian Federation and in the exclusive economic zone of the Russian Federation, and in the Sea of Azov and Caspian Sea” and “Implementation of resource research of aquatic biological resources in areas of the World Ocean located beyond the zone of Russian jurisdiction in the field of fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources, including the development of resource research plans” (No. 076-00005-20-02).

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