Статус заражённости симбиотическими ракообразными краба-плавунца Charybdis truncata (Fabricius, 1798) из залива Нячанг, Вьетнам (Восточное море)
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Аннотация
Симбиоз — это довольно часто встречающиеся отношения между организмами в морских экосистемах. Среди крабов важного с экономической точки зрения семейства Portunidae широко распространён Charybdis truncata (Fabricius, 1798), однако его симбиотические комплексы всё ещё исследованы недостаточно. В январе — августе 2022 г. в заливе Нячанг (провинция Кханьхоа, Вьетнам, Восточное море) собрано 408 особей C. truncata. Симбионты классифицированы на основе морфологических характеристик. Для сравнения статуса заражённости симбионтами применён статистический анализ. Обнаружено шесть симбиотических видов, в том числе четыре вида ракообразных-эпибионтов [Octolasmis angulata (Aurivillius, 1894), Octolasmis alata (Aurivillius, 1894), Octolasmis warwicki Gray, 1825 и Dianajonesia tridens (Aurivillius, 1894)] и два облигатных паразита, не идентифицированных до вида [Cancrion sp. и Sacculina sp.]. Из них O. alata и Cancrion sp. отмечены на C. truncata впервые. Общая встречаемость симбионтов на крабах-хозяевах составила 13 %, а количество видов симбионтов, заселяющих хозяев, варьировало от одного до четырёх. O. angulata был доминантом, его встречаемость составила 6,9 %. Встречаемость O. angulata была значительно выше у самок крабов с кладкой икры, чем у самок без неё. Кроме того, зарегистрирован существенный рост встречаемости O. angulata по мере увеличения размеров крабов. Достоверных различий в средней интенсивности симбионтов по полу, репродуктивному статусу самок и размерам крабов-хозяев не выявлено. Зафиксированы и описаны первоначальные морфологические изменения, вызванные заражением краба паразитами Cancrion sp. и Sacculina sp. Эти результаты предоставляют информацию о состоянии естественного заражения C. truncata симбиотическими видами, важную для менеджмента рыболовства и для развития аквакультуры.
Авторы
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