Effect of GABA mimetic phenibut on oxidoreductase activity in the brain compartments of adult and juvenile scorpionfish Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758
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Abstract
An increase in GABA levels serves to the survival of neurons during hypoxia/anoxia. During ontogenesis, GABA is capable of transforming its mediator function from excitatory to inhibitory. The oxidoreductase activity (MDH, 1.1.1.37; LDH, 1.1.1.27; and catalase, 1.11.1.6) was studied in the brain compartments – the medulla oblongata (MB) and the forebrain, diencephalon, and midbrain (AB) – in juvenile and adult black scorpionfish Scorpaena porcus against the backdrop of injection of GABA mimetic phenibut (400 mg·kg−1, i. p.). AB structures of juvenile scorpionfish were characterized by an intensity of aerobic metabolism comparable to that of adults. At the same time, an elevated LDH activity in juvenile MB and AB was observed which may serve to increased survivorship at low environmental PO2. Catalase activity in both age groups was somewhat higher in MB which may be related both to the intensity of oxidative phosphorylation and MB tolerance to injuries during hypoxia. Moreover, catalase activity in the brain of juveniles (especially in AB) was slightly lower than that of adults. Phenibut simultaneously increased MDH and LDH activity in the brain compartments of adult scorpionfish which may be associated with the activation of the malate-aspartate shuttle, with an opposite trend towards the restriction of anaerobic glycolysis in the juvenile brain being mostly pronounced in AB (p < 0.05). Simultaneously, phenibut contributed to a rise in catalase activity in all brain compartments, regardless of the age of scorpionfish (p < 0.05). Catalase activity was the highest in MB of adult individuals (p < 0.05). Apparently, catalase-controlled H2O2 level translates the changes in cellular metabolism into a meaningful physiological response by influencing H2O2-sensitive ion channels that determine neuronal excitability and modulates GABAergic transmission. Such a mechanism may be involved in the brain maturation, maintain brain resistance to hypoxia, and ensure adaptive processes in juvenile and adult scorpionfish.
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