A new strain of a carotenogenic green microalga Coelastrella rubescens, suitable for cultivation in the climatic conditions of southern Russia
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Abstract
A new carotenogenic strain of a green microalga Coelastrella Chodat (Scenedesmaceae, Sphaeropleales) was isolated in unialgal culture from the thallus of a Crimean epilithic lichen sampled in Sevastopol in March 2024. The strain is characterized by a pronounced ability to accumulate secondary carotenoids under acute abiotic stress conditions. We describe the methods we used to isolate phycobionts from small lichen samples, purify algae, establish axenic culture, adapt cells to laboratory conditions, and maintain strains in long-term culture collection. Species identification was performed using a combination of morphological (light and scanning electron microscopy) and molecular genetic approaches (analysis of the ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 fragment of the 18S rRNA gene cluster). The novel strain was identified as Coelastrella rubescens (Vinatzer) Kaufnerová & Eliás, 2013 and deposited into the collection of living cultures of carotenogenic microalgae at IBSS (https://algae.ibss-ras.ru), designated as IBSS-156. The growth characteristics of the IBSS-156 strain were evaluated under two-stage batch culture conditions. The data indicate high specific growth rates of the alga at the vegetative stage: up to (0.62 ± 0.11) day−1. The dynamics of the algal pigment composition that we received reflects the massive accumulation of secondary carotenoids under stressful conditions. We found that measuring the absorption spectra of living microalgal cultures in the visible region allows for a rapid assessment of their physiological state and the rate of ketocarotenoid accumulation in biomass during two-stage cultivation. The obtained results highlight the potential of Crimean lichens as a source of promising astaxanthin-producing strains suitable for mass cultivation in arid and hot climates, such as those found in the Crimea and adjacent regions of southern Russia.
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References
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