Composition, structure and dynamics of communities of fish and decapods off the south coast of Crimea

Аннотация

The taxonomic, structural and quantitative characteristics of decapod crustaceans and ichthyofauna of the Black Sea in the area of the Cape Martyan nature reserve were studied. A high level of species diversity of decapods was revealed, represented by 17 species from 14 families. Two species - Alpheus dentipesGuérin, 1832, Lysmataseticaudata(Risso, 1816), were recorded for the first time in the region. The taxonomic appearance of the ichthyofauna is formed by about 30 species, mainly benthic and demersal fish. The structure of fish communities was quite stable, there was a trend towards an increase in diversity, a decrease in the dominance of certain species, and an overall improvement in the state. The increase in the number of some Atlantic-Mediterranean species, such as Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758) and Chromischromis(Linnaeus, 1758), can serve as an indicator of variations in hydrological and hydrochemical parameters of the environment associated with general climatic and ecological changes. The quantitative parameters of fish eggs and larvae (76.3 ± 11.4 ind./m2 and 18.8 ± 4.6 ind./m², respectively) were sufficiently high for the coastal waters of the Black Sea. However, the share of living, normally developing fish eggs in the water area, which amounted to 28.6% of the total, should be considered low. The data obtained can be used for comparative analysis during long-term monitoring of the Black Sea.

Ключевые слова: Чёрное море, ихтиофауна, ихтиопланктон, десятиногие ракообразные, акватория, заповедник «Мыс Мартьян»